The following shows an example of a swizzling operator. What will be the result of the following example?

vec4 a;

What is described by the following?

This is one of the algorithms that remove hidden surfaces. This algorithm shows only those surfaces in front of other surfaces. This algorithm saves depth information as objects are rendered so that only the front objects appear in the image. The algorithm keeps track of the smallest depth value of those points which are seen from pixel (x, y). These depth values are stored in some buffer. 

What variables are described by the following?

These variables cannot be changed in shaders. They are constant for an entire primitive. However, they can be changed in an application and sent to shaders. They are used to pass information to shaders such as the time, a bounding box of a primitive, or transformation matrices.

What is described by the following?

No point in P is inside the circumcircle of any triangle for a given set P of discrete points in a plane.

Who coined the term "fractal"?

What shading is described by the following?

It is the only (default) shading in WebGL 1.0. Vertex colours are interpolated across visible polygons by the rasterizer.

What kind of object has the following characteristics?

As the object is being subdivided,

• the area goes to zero
• the perimeter goes to infinity

What is described by the following (look at the figure)?

It is the sparkle of light generated by lights reflected and/or refracted through glass or water (curved surfaces).

Which model leads to a simple software API with the separation of the objects, the viewer, and light sources? (Pay attention that the image plane is between the object and the camera.)

Which is NOT one of the global lighting (shading) techniques?