It leads to friction between solid and fluid phases, enabling stress relaxation and creep.

It ensures tendons never change in volume or length.

It eliminates the need for proteoglycans in the tendon matrix.

It increases tendon stiffness permanently after each stretch.

Myofibril

Actin

Z disc

Myosin

Liver and gut

Liver and muscles

Brain and spleen

Kidneys and gut

Creatine kinase

Creatine monohydrate

Creatine phosphatase

Creatine dihydrate

Adaptation occurs equally with both concentric and eccentric loading, regardless of the strain applied

High strain (>70% MVC), slow/heavy load, and >12 weeks of consistent training

Only training duration matters, not load intensity or strain

Loads less than 50% of maximal voluntary contraction for any duration

Two-way ANOVA

One-way ANOVA

T-test

Correlation analysis

Glycolytic system

Carbohydrate oxidation

Fat oxidation

Phosphagen system

It utilises carbohydrates and proteins to produce ATP

It utilises carbohydrates, fats and proteins to produce ATP

It utilises carbohydrates only to produce ATP

It utilises proteins only to produce ATP

Microfibril → Tropocollagen → Fibril → Fiber → Fascicle → Tendon

Fibril → Fascicle → Microfibril → Fiber → Tendon

Fiber → Fibril → Tropocollagen → Fascicle → Tendon

Tropocollagen → Microfibril → Fibril → Fiber → Fascicle → Tendon

Data from subjects at the end of an exercise trial

Data from two exercise regimes performed by two different groups of subjects

Data from the same subject at different time intervals

Data for one variable from different subjects