Crowdly

Hard

real-time systems must strictly meet all deadlines

Firm

real-time systems treat late results as useless but do not cause system failure

Soft

real-time systems are typically used in multimedia applications

Soft

real-time systems can tolerate occasional deadline misses

hard real-time systems, missing a deadline has no serious consequences

Which of the following statements about analog-to-digital

(A/D) conversion in Arduino are correct?

The

analogRead() function is used to read analog input values

The

reference voltage for ADC is always fixed at 3.3V

The

ADC converts analog voltage into a digital value between 0 and 1023

Arduino

Uno uses a 10-bit ADC resolution

Higher ADC resolution results in finer measurement accuracy

Which

of the following statements about the build process of embedded systems are

correct?

The

compiler converts high-level code into assembly or object code

The

linker combines object files and libraries into a final executable

The

loader is responsible for executing the program directly on hardware without

any preparation

The

assembler converts assembly code into machine code

Cross-compilation

is commonly used in embedded systems development

Which

of the following statements comparing I2C and Controller Area Network (CAN) are

correct?

CAN

supports multi-master communication with priority-based arbitration

I²C

is commonly used for short-distance communication on a single board

I²C

uses message identifiers instead of device addresses

I²C

uses two wires, while CAN typically uses a differential two-wire bus

CAN

is more robust against noise compared to I²C

Which

of the following statements about the 8051 microcontroller and ARM processors

are correct?

8051

has a higher processing speed compared to ARM processors

ARM

is based on RISC architecture

8051

is an 8-bit microcontroller

8051

has built-in peripherals like timers, serial communication, and I/O ports

ARM

supports pipelining and higher performance compared to the 8051

Which

of the following are applications of embedded systems?

Which

of the following statements about Lempel-Ziv encoding is correct?

is a lossless data compression technique

always produces a fixed-length code for each symbol

replaces repeated patterns with references to previous occurrences

uses a dictionary-based approach

requires prior knowledge of symbol probabilities

Which of the following statements about servo motor

interfacing with Arduino are correct?

typical servo expects a pulse every 20 ms (50 Hz signal)

Servo

motors rotate continuously like DC motors by default

Arduino

provides a built-in library to control servo motors

servo motor is controlled using PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signals

The

pulse width determines the angular position of the servo

Consider the following code:

for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {

x = 10 * 20;

}

After optimisation:

x = 10 * 20;

for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {

// no

multiplication inside loop

}

If one multiplication takes 2 units of time, how

much time is saved?

100

units

198

units

200

units

Which of the following statements comparing Bluetooth,

Wi-Fi, and Zigbee are correct?

Wi-Fi

consumes less power than Zigbee

Bluetooth

has a longer range than Wi-Fi

Zigbee

is designed for low power consumption and low data rate applications

Zigbee

is commonly used in IoT and sensor networks

Wi-Fi

provides higher data rates compared to Bluetooth and Zigbee