Protea is a South African genus of plant known for having large striking flowers. In some species the flowers are very exposed and point straight up, in other species the flowers are hidden and point straight down. How do pollinators differ between the two species of Protea?

What is ‘buzz’ pollination?

Who are the primary animal pollinators of night-blooming flowers?

List at least 3 rewards offered by plants to pollinators?

Most grasses and many trees are wind pollinated. What is the disadvantage of wind pollination?

What is meant by ‘nectar robbing’? List one mechanism used by plants to discourage nectar robbing.