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A LINUX program uses POSIX-compliant API methods (i.e. pthread_create, pthread_join, etc.) to create and synchronise 14 threads. How many PCBs does the OS need, to manage these threads' executions? 

Using the information in the table below, what is the parent process ID for the process that printed this table to the Linux shell?

Under the 5-state process model, processes with IDs 3, 7, 15, 20 and 24 are executing on a system. They arrived in the ready queue in the order they are listed, starting with process 3. The processes do not fail and do not make I/O requests. The short-term scheduler uses the following preemptive priority scheduling algorithm (processes with larger priority numbers have higher priority):

- the process with the highest priority runs on the CPU (FCFS is used, in case of a tie);

- a process has priority 0 when it first enters the ready queue;

- the priorities of all processes in the ready queue continuously decrease at the same rate;

- the priority of the process running on the CPU also continuously decreases, but more slowly than the priorities for processes in the ready queue.

Based only on this information, what is the order in which the processes finish executing?

Suppose 20-bit instructions are copied to a CPU's instruction register, and suppose that each instruction dedicates the first 6 bits for the "opcode", with the remaining bits for specifying a memory location. What is the total number of possible memory locations that could be referenced by these instructions?

A number is represented as 14 (in base ) and 110 (in base ). You are told . What is ? 

A hypothetical CPU executes instructions formatted in binary. The opcode in these instructions can be represented by 2 octal digits (i.e., each digit is in base 8). Which of the following options is a valid opcode format in binary that the CPU expects?

An instruction for a hypothetical CPU is 1940 in hexadecimal. The "19" is the opcode. How many bits are used to represent the opcode in this architecture? Give your answer in bytes.