propositional networks are easier to diagram.

spreading activation is possible only in propositional networks.

propositional networks can specify types of associations by identifying the role of each element within the overall proposition.

connections between nodes in propositional networks, but not traditional networks, strengthen with repeated use.

facilitate the primacy and recency effects.

group items based on sound.

increase the amount of material that can be held in working memory.

encode items based on spatial properties.

the resemblance of the case facts to their prototype of stalking (or specific exemplars of stalking).

a strict dictionary definition of stalking.

their background knowledge of the concept of stalking and related concepts.

their own “theory” of stalking.

in vertical patterns.

through basic-level information.

in a hierarchy.

through a distributed representation.

no matter how you changed a snake’s behaviour or appearance, it would still be a snake and not a lizard.

it is behaviour that matters for category identity, so if a snake learned to act like a lizard, it would count as a genuine lizard.

it is the combination of behaviour and appearance that matters for category identity, so both attributes would have to be changed to turn one organism into another.

it is the appearance that matters for category identity, so if a snake were altered to look like a lizard, it would count as a genuine lizard.

Yes, organization facilitates memory for both types of stimuli.

Yes, both types of memory benefit from maintenance rehearsal.

No, memory connections are important for word memory but not for scene memory.

Yes, they both require mnemonics for successful retention.

lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN)

primary visual cortex

anterior temporal lobes (ATL)

motor cortex

they are still residing in working memory at the time of the test.

the early words suffer from less interference than the middle words.

the early words receive more of the participants’ attention than the middle words.

participants are particularly alert at the beginning of the list presentation.