Member States’ authorities must apply the European provision

Member States’ authorities must apply the oldest provision

Member States’ authorities must apply the national provision

Member States’ authorities must apply the most recent provision

Regulation

Decision

Directive

Recommendation

• 55% of countries (with 28 Member States, this means 16 countries)
• representing at least 65 % of total EU population

2/3

50% + 2

• 65% of countries
• representing at least 55 % of total EU population

Bulgaria, Greece, Belgium, Cyprus, Iceland

Italy, Ireland, Latvia, France, Spain

Slovakia, Norway, Germany, Poland, Romania

Malta, Romania, Ireland, Portugal, Lampedusa

Infringement proceeding

Action for failure to act

Preliminary ruling

Action for annulment

The Commission and the Council

The Commission and the European Parliament

The Council and the European Parliament

The European Council and the European Parliament