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Spring 2025-11804-202510-PHI209-01 - Introduction to Logic
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The fallacy of ____ occurs when the conclusion depends upon an attribute illegitimately transferred from the
parts to the whole,
ignoring the fact that what is true of its parts is not necessarily true
of the whole.
The following is an example of the fallacy of _____.
People who lack humility have no sense of beauty because everyone who has a sense of beauty also has humility.
The following can be described as committing _____:
Giant pandas are rapidly disappearing. This animal is a giant panda. Therefore, this animal should disappear any minute now.
A formal fallacy is one that may be identified by merely examining the form or structure of an argument.
The fallacy of _____ is committed when two (or more) questions are asked in the guise of a single question and a single answer is then given to both of them. The argument is usually intended to trap the respondent into acknowledging something that he or she might otherwise not want to acknowledge.
e.g. Are you more hopelessly stupid today than you were yesterday?
_____ is a fallacy that affects inductive generalization. The fallacy occurs when there is a reasonable likelihood that the sample [that is to be used as evidence] is not representative of the group. Such likelihood may arise if the same is either too small or not randomly selected.
e.g. "The mass shooting in a Colorado movie theatre was carried out by a young, while male. The school shootings in Roseburg, Santabarara, and Newton were all carried out by young white males. The evidence is clear. Young, white males are a serious threat to public safety."
The following can be described as committing _____:
Ellen Quinn has argued that logic is not the most important thing in life. Apparently, Ellen advocates irrationality. It has taken two million years for the human race to achieve the position that it has, and Ellen would throw the whole thing into the garbage. What utter nonsense!
The fallacy of ____ is committed when the conclusion of an argument depends on the erroneous transference of an attribute from the parts of something onto the whole.
e.g. "Each player on this basketball team is an excellent athlete. Therefore, the team as a whole is excellent."
The fallacy of false dichotomy involves an ‘‘either . . . or . . .’’ statement, at least implicitly.
The fallacy of _____ is committed when the conclusion of an argument depends on the erroneous transference of an attribute from a whole (or a class) onto its parts (or members).
e.g. "This airplane was made in Seattle. Therefore, every component part of this airplane was made in Seattle."