In animal cells, Cdk2/cyclin A act to drive cells

through the restriction point in G

Re-formation of the nuclear envelope occurs as the

result of cyclin B destruction, which allows phosphatases to dephosphorylate

nuclear envelope lamins.

The distinct series of changes that characterizes

programmed cell death is called

ATM and ATR recognize damaged or unreplicated DNA

and initiate signals that arrest cells at cell cycle checkpoints.

Most tissues maintain a balance between cell

proliferation and cell death.

The length of time it takes for the cells labeled

during DNA synthesis to begin to enter mitosis is a good estimate of the length

of the _______ phase(s).

A major pathway that signals cell survival

and inhibits cell death is the _______ pathway.

The key protein involved in “deciding” whether a

cell with DNA damage should delay its cell cycle or undergo apoptosis is