ATP is produced directly from glucose 6-phosphate

The synthesis of glycogen from glucose is facilitated by phosphohexose isomerase

Hydrolysis of fructose by aldolase is an essential step that occurs in the initial phase of glycolysis

A ketose is isomerized to an aldose through an enediol intermediate

The phosphorylation of C-1 of fructose 6-phosphate is easier for phosphofructokinase-1 than for glucose 6-phosphate

Glycerol is first reduced before being phosphorylated

Glycerol is first oxidized and then phosphorylated before being transported into the mitochondria

Glycerol kinase produces L-glycerol 3-phosphate and NADH+H⁺

Glycerol phosphatase is active

Glycerol kinase activates glycerol at the expense of ATP

Store fatty acids in adipose tissue

Transport triglycerides synthesized in the liver to peripheral tissues

Synthesize fatty acids in the liver

Transport dietary triglycerides from the intestine to other tissues

Transport cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver

Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

Ribose 5-phosphate

Glucose 1-phosphate

Fructose 6-phosphate

Glycine is essential for catalysis

The carboxyl group of 2-phosphoglycerate is coordinated by two magnesium ions within the active site

Lysine (K345) does not act as a general base

Magnesium ions are not involved in this catalysis

During catalysis, an intermediate, so-called Tricarbanion intermediate, is generated

3-ketoacyl reductase

Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and FAD

Beta-hydroxy-acyl-CoA hydrogenase

Enoyl-CoA dehydratase

Malonyl CoA ligase

These are heptamers

These are duplicates

These are epimers

These are not stereochemical different

These are tetramers

Linoleic acid

Stearic acid

Arachidonic acid

Oleic acid

Palmitic acid

Insulin promotes gluconeogenesis and inhibits glycolysis

Glucagon activates phosphofructokinase-1 and inhibits fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

High levels of AMP activate fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

Both pathways are always active simultaneously

High levels of ATP inhibit phosphofructokinase-1 and activate fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

ATP

Lactose

NADH+H⁺

Glucose

Acetyl-CoA