What causes a race condition in the consumer-producer problem?

In the producer-consumer solution based on semaphores, which semaphore(s) are used to synchronise items production and consumption?

Consider Peterson's algorithm, and suppose process 0 is executing enter_region. Which condition will cause process 0 to repeat the while loop?

A race condition may take place when:

The following picture represents two processes running in parallel. Time flows from left to right, and grey boxes represent the time spent by the processes in their critical regions. Does this execution enforce mutual exclusion?

What are the main advantages of threads?

For each of the following statements, select whether it applies to user-level or kernel-level threads:

A process is currently blocked, waiting for an I/O operation to finish. When the operation is completed, the process: