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TE ISE Computer Engineering

TE ISE Computer Engineering

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If in an ElGamal Digital signature scheme, two messages m1 and m2 are signed using the same random k, what can an attacker compute from the signatures (r,s1)and (r,s2)?

Nothing; the scheme remains secure

The value of yA (public key)

The value of m1-m2 only

The value of xA (private key)

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For HMAC using SHA-1, the block size is 512 bits. If a key K = 1010 (4 bits) is used, what is the length of the padded key K'?

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Given the following S-Box (S1) and 6-bit input, determine the 4-bit output from the S-Box.

Input to S-Box:110011

S-Box

1111

None of these

0111

1010

1011

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Which of the following best explains why SHA-256 is resistant to collision attacks compared to SHA-1?

Because SHA-256 uses larger message blocks, making it incompatible with brute-force methods.

Because SHA-256 produces a longer hash output and employs a different set of logical functions and constants that significantly increase the computational complexity of finding two inputs with the same hash.

Because SHA-256 performs fewer rounds, reducing the probability of output overlap.

Because SHA-256 relies on asymmetric key encryption to prevent collisions.

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In the Schnorr Digital Signature Scheme, which of the following statements correctly explains why reusing the same random value k for different messages compromises the private key xA?

Because the value of r becomes identical for both signatures, allowing the attacker to compute h(m1||r)-h(m2||r) directly.

Because identical k values invalidate the hash function’s collision resistance property.

Because knowing two signatures (r,s1)and (r,s2)with the same kallows solving the linear relation s1-s2=(xA)(h1-h2) mod q to recover xA.

Because kdetermines the generator α, and reusing it changes the base of the exponentiation.

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SHA-1 divides each 512-bit message block into 16 words of 32 bits each. During message expansion, these are extended to how many 32-bit words?

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Which of the following best explains why the Schnorr Digital Signature Scheme is considered more efficient and provably secure compared to the ElGamal Signature Scheme?

Because Schnorr signatures use smaller primes, reducing the risk of discrete logarithm attacks.

Because Schnorr uses a single modular exponentiation during signing and its security proof is based on the hardness of the discrete logarithm problem under the random oracle model.

Because Schnorr signatures eliminate the need for modular reduction operations entirely.

Because Schnorr replaces hashing with encryption to increase randomness in the signature.

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The diagram shown below illustrates which mode of operation for a block cipher encryption?

None of these

Cipher

Feedback Mode (CFB)

Electronic

Code Book (ECB)

Output

Feedback Mode (OFB)

Cipher

Block Chaining (CBC)

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If a block cipher (e.g., AES) has a block size of 128 bits and a message length of 320 bits, how many complete blocks will be processed in CMAC after padding?

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Which statements are true in the context of Triple DES defined as,

Triple DES mandates that K1, K2, and K3 to be different from each other

Triple DES reduces to regular (single) DES when all three keys are the same i.e. K1=K2=k3

None of these options are correct

Triple DES is computationally expensive compared to AES

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