The leading strand is synthesised by adding nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing strand, and the lagging strand is synthesised by adding nucleotides to the 5' end.

The leading strand is synthesised in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesised in the opposite direction.

The leading strand is synthesised at twice the rate of the lagging strand.

The lagging strand is synthesised continuously, whereas the leading strand is synthesised in short fragments that are ultimately stitched together.

Replication will occur via RNA polymerase alone

Replication will require a DNA template from another source

Additional proofreading will occur

No replication fork will be formed

ligase

primase

single-strand DNA binding proteins

DNA polymerase

The ends of linear chromosomes.

The sites of origin of DNA replication.

The structures that hold two sister chromatids together.

Enzymes that elongate the DNA strand during replication.

The rate of elongation during DNA replication is slower in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes.

Prokaryotic chromosomes have a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many.

Prokaryotic chromosomes have histones, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes do not.

Prokaryotes produce Okazaki fragments during DNA replication, but eukaryotes do not.

Building RNA primers using the parental DNA strand as a template.

Relieving strain in the DNA ahead of the replication fork caused by the untwisting of the double helix.

Reattaching the hydrogen bonds between the base pairs in the double helix.

Elongating new DNA at a replication fork by adding nucleotides to the existing chain.

Spindle fibres would not form during prophase.

Amplification of other genes would compensate for the lack of histones.

The cell's DNA could not be packed into its nucleus.

There would be an increase in the amount of DNA produced during replication.

It joins Okazaki fragments together.

It stabilises the unwound parental DNA.

It unwinds the parental double helix.

It synthesises RNA nucleotides to make a primer.

leading strands and Okazaki fragments

Okazaki fragments and RNA primers

lagging strands and Okazaki fragments

leading strands and RNA primers

occurs in the 3′ → 5′ direction.

produces Okazaki fragments.

progresses away from the replication fork.

depends on the action of DNA polymerase.