adjusts the stage height

adjusts the fine focus

magnifies the specimen

adjusts the contrast

increases/decreases resolution

It directly produces ATP

It provides NADH that is oxidised in the electron transport chain

It oxidises NADPH, providing NADP⁺ for glycolysis

It produces lactate, the substrate required for the TCA cycle

It oxidises NADH, providing NAD⁺ for glycolysis

Reduction of NADPH

Splitting of a water molecule

CO₂ oxidation

CO₂ combines with H₂O

Synthesis of G3P

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials

Controls traffic of materials into and out of the cell

Synthesises and modifies proteins to be secreted from the cell

Plays a role in metabolic processes, such as Ca+ storage

Generation of the cell's ATP (energy) supply

The nucleus

A mitochondria

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum

The Golgi apparatus

The rough endoplasmic reticulum

a cholesterol molecule

a transmembrane protein

a glycoprotein

a phospholipid

a glycolipid

Pro-eukaryotic theory

Endosymbiotic theory

Chemiosmotic theory

Endomembrane theory

Phagocytotic theory