Animals developed a higher form of intelligence to solve social, not ecological, problems

Humans have the highest intelligence on earth because they are the only species that has social learning

Animals' social intelligence is based on their place in Aristotle's scala naturae

Animals cannot learn unless they are social

Animal welfare is determined through a combination of ethics and science

Animal welfare is determined only by science

Animal welfare is determined through relationships among ethics, science, and public opinion

Animal welfare is determined solely by public opinion

Funded trips to the Great Barrier Reef for all students

More octopus documentaries

Education about non-mammals, particularly addressed to children

More studies on animal flexibility, causal reasoning, prospection, and imagination

Flexibility in anti-predator tactics.

They are solitary.

Do not show any form of learning.

They stay in one place and do not explore their environments.

Octopuses came as intelligent aliens from space

Octopuses are born with innate intelligence and cannot learn

Octopuses lead a solitary lifestyle and have a short lifespan but still provide evidence of flexibility, causal reasoning, prospection, and imagination

Octopuses show an inferior level of intelligence compared to all other animals

There is a bias of attention towards mammals and animals more similar to humans

We do not know enough about octopuses to properly protect them

More animals live on land than in the sea

Humans have only considered animal welfare for domesticated species

Humans were the last to evolve, which means we are obligated to care for animals

Flatworms are the last common ancestor of octopuses and humans, so we should care for flatworms before we care for octopuses

Humans sit above animals in the natural hierarchy, which enables us to do anything we like to animals

Aristotle's scala naturae supports the extraterrestrial origin of octopuses

We have always considered multiple models of intelligence

We have historically placed more value on cephalopods than on mammals

We do not expect animal groups unrelated to humans to have high intelligence

We believe that all animals have extraterrestrial origins

Octopuses live longer in factory farms than in the wild.

There is an obvious luxury market for octopuses.

Factory farms pollute the near shore environment.

Insects are not social and are therefore too dissimilar to humans to display intelligence

Foraging worker bees can learn about food patches near their hive from another worker bee's 'waggle dance' which optimizes searching for food

Bees have tiny brains and therefore cannot acquire and use information during their short lifespan

Insects are not intelligent. They are merely automata with tiny brains