A rainfall map contains several extremely high outlier values that dominate the dataset. Which classification method would BEST highlight variation around the average rainfall conditions? / ’n Reënvalkaart bevat verskeie uitermatig hoë uitskieterwaardes wat die datastel oorheers. Watter klassifikasiemetode sal variasie rondom die gemiddelde reënvaltoestande die BESTE uitlig?

A conservation team wants to identify vegetation types located ONLY inside protected areas. Which overlay operation should be used? / ’n Bewaringspan wil plantegroeitipes identifiseer wat SLEGS binne beskermde gebiede voorkom. Watter oorleggingsbewerking moet gebruik word?

A GIS analyst calculates gully area before projecting the dataset correctly. What is the MOST likely consequence? / ’n GIS-analis bereken donga erosie-oppervlakte voordat die datastel korrek geprojekteer is. Wat is die MEES waarskynlike gevolg?

Which classification method is most appropriate when data values are evenly distributed across a range? / Watter klassifikasiemetode is die geskikste wanneer datawaardes eweredig oor ’n reeks versprei is?

Which data type would be most appropriate for storing annual soil loss values (t/ha/year)? / Watter datatipe sal die geskikste wees om jaarlikse grondverlieswaardes (t/ha/jaar) te stoor?

Which statement about primary keys is correct? / Watter stelling oor primêre sleutels is korrek?

Why is a projected coordinate system preferred when calculating area? / Waarom word ’n geprojekteerde koördinaatstelsel verkies wanneer oppervlakte bereken word?

Question / Vraag 4 [12]

A GIS analyst is analysing gully erosion data collected from 120 field sites.

The attribute table contains:

• Gully_ID
• Area_m^²
• Soil_Type
• Severity_Class
• Survey_Date

4.1 (3)

Identify the most appropriate data type for:

• Area_m²
• Severity_Class
• Survey_Date

4.2 (3)

Explain the difference between mean and median values.

Why may the median sometimes better represent environmental datasets?

4.3 (3)

Describe TWO common attribute data errors that may occur in GIS databases.

4.4 (3)

Explain how joins and table relationships can improve GIS analysis.

’n GIS-ontleder analiseer data oor geul-erosie wat by 120 veldterreine versamel is.

Die attribuuttabel bevat:

·       Gully_ID

·       Area_m²

·       Soil_Type

·       Severity_Class

·       Survey_Date

4.1 (3)

•         Area_m²

•         Severity_Class

•         Survey_Date

4.2 (3)

4.3 (3)

4.4 (3)

Which statement best describes spatial data quality? / Watter stelling beskryf ruimtelike datakwaliteit die beste?

Question / Vraag 3 [10]

Answer the following questions.

3.1 (2)

Explain ONE advantage of raster data for environmental modelling.

3.2 (2)

Explain ONE limitation of raster data compared to vector data.

3.3 (3)

Describe the difference between:

• local raster operations,
• and zonal raster operations.

Use an example for each.

3.4 (3)

Explain how buffer analysis can support environmental management planning.

Provide ONE real-world example.

Beantwoord die volgende vrae.

3.1 (2)

3.2 (2)

3.3 (3)

·       plaaslike rasteroperasies (local raster operations),

·       en sonale rasteroperasies (zonal raster operations).

Gebruik ’n voorbeeld vir elk.

3.4 (3)