Any verb that is not a semi-notional verb (link or modal verb).

An objective verb that is connected with its object word directly, without a preposition.

A subjective verb that is associated only with a noun (or equivalent) denoting the subject of the action.

An objective verb that is associated with two nouns (or equivalents) denoting the subject and the object of the action.

It is always accompanied by a pronoun or noun denoting the subject of the action.

It has the grammatical category of aspect and voice.

It may be preceded by a preposition, or accompanied by a noun in the possessive case or a possessive pronoun to denote the subject.

It is able to be "split" by a modifying adverb (e.g., to fully appreciate).

Pro-conjunctions and Pro-interjections.

Pro-subjects and Pro-objects.

Pro-verbs and Pro-prepositions.

Pro-numerals and Pro-adverbs.

It is presented as a 'circumstance of another action' (like an adverb).

It is presented as some kind of 'substance' (like a noun).

It is presented as a 'qualifying action' (like a verb), but with a zero grammatical morpheme.

It is presented as a 'qualifying action,' functioning either as a property of some substance (like an adjective) or a circumstance of another action (like an adverb).

The lexico-grammatical meaning of “substantivity”.

Typical stem-building morphemes (e.g., -ist, -ship).

Typical combinability (e.g., left-hand connections with articles, adjectives).

The grammatical categories of person and gender.

It expresses a characteristic bound with the relation to some other object or phenomenon.

It expresses a characteristic feature or quality directly.

It is always changed according to gender, number, and case.

It describes a quality using a zero morpheme.

The word this being used to point at a blackboard or a piece of chalk, but with its meaning 'the object I point at' remaining the same.

The pronoun I referring to a different person each time a new speaker uses it.

The use of such to indicate a definite color by one speaker and a particular temperature by another.

The same person being referred to as I, you, or he, depending on who is speaking.

The marked member

The base form

The inner flexion

Pluralis perfectus

Grammatical morphemes have meanings that are relative, dependent, and only indirectly reflect reality.

Lexical morphemes are always dependent on another morpheme, while grammatical morphemes are more independent.

Grammatical morphemes are directly associated with an object of reality, while lexical morphemes only connect indirectly.

Lexical morphemes always have a relative meaning that changes in opposition to other morphemes.

Infinitive (attributive) and Diyepryslivnyk (circumstantial).

Diyeprykmetnyk (attributive) and Infinitive (circumstantial).

Diyeprykmetnyk (attributive) and Diyepryslivnyk (circumstantial).

Gerund (attributive) and Diyepryslivnyk (circumstantial).