Replication

Parallelism

Decentralized architecture

Communication protocols

Gird, Computing, Information 

Cluster, Pervasive, Grid

Computing, Information, Pervasive

Computing, Operating, Grid

Layer of distributed system architecture 

Combined hard/software for creating transactions 

Hardware solution

Standard rules for it external interfaces and free realizationof itby any vendors

Using only common interfaces

Creating replicas of system in one another 

It is free for use to every user 

System use standard rules for services that it is offering

All parts of system must be from one vendor to achieve interchangeability

To relocate part of program code closer to user

Way to hidecommunication latencies

To organize simple peer-to-peer system