In the following text, what type of connector best fits in the blank to logically connect the ideas?

To understand microbial patterns associated with child growth, the researchers sequenced the genomic material from 47 fecal samples collected over 11 months from eight toddlers, who had (      ) been enrolled in a clinical trial testing the effect of legume-based complementary foods on reducing or reversing environmental enteric dysfunction, a chronic condition that affects the small intestine, and poor growth.

What type of connector is ‘since’ in the following text?

Patrolling is a dangerous activity, since chimps of different groups risk death in an encounter.

What type of connector is ‘at present’ in the following text?

At present, overpumping groundwater is the largest contributor to rates of terrestrial water storage decline in drying regions, significantly amplifying the impacts of increasing temperature, aridification, and extreme drought events

In the following text, which connector best fits in the blank to logically connect the ideas? (Not in the original text)

We designed the system to be compatible with simultaneous fMRI. (      ) it enables us to monitor the effects of stimulation in real time.

Which of the below statements is true of the following text?

①The research team made a different assumption about the electrical properties of primordial black holes. ②They postulate that ③their model shows if ④a primordial black hole forms with a small dark electric charge, ⑤it should be temporarily stabilised before finally exploding.

The following text shows a violated-expectation logical connection. What is the expectation that is violated?

Although an inadequate diet is a major contributor, researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis found over a decade ago that dysfunctional communities of gut microbes play an important role in triggering malnutrition.