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Hematopoietic System
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A 45-year-old man with a chronic cough and shortness of breath presents for a routine check-up.
On examination, you notice bulbous enlargement of his fingertips and want to confirm clubbing.
Which of the following is the correct clinical test to confirm clubbing?A 22-year-old woman presents with fatigue and dizziness for 3 weeks. She denies bleeding or weight loss.
On examination, her palms are pale, and the conjunctiva appear pale.
What is the most likely underlying condition?A 3-year-old child presents with a 2-day history of watery diarrhea and vomiting. The child appears lethargic but is still able to drink fluids. You plan to assess for signs of dehydration.
Which finding most accurately suggests moderate dehydration?A 60-year-old man with a history of hypertension and chronic shortness of breath presents with swelling of both feet, which worsens by the end of the day.
On examination, you plan to assess pedal edema.
Which of the following is the correct technique to elicit pitting edema?A 50-year-old man with a 20-year history of smoking presents with shortness of breath and bluish discoloration of his lips, as noted by his family.
On examination, you suspect central cyanosis and plan to confirm it through inspection.
Which site is best for assessing central cyanosis?
A 21-year-old woman presents to the clinic with complaints of persistent fatigue and dizziness for the past few weeks. She denies any bleeding or weight loss.
On general physical examination, you want to assess for anemia.
Where is the most reliable site to check for pallor during general examination?
A 22-year-old woman presents with mild pain and swelling under her jaw for the past three days. She recently had a sore throat that is now improving.
On examination, you plan to palpate her submandibular lymph nodes to assess for local lymphadenopathy.
Which of the following describes the correct technique for palpating the submandibular lymph nodes?
The cedar wood oil (used for the oil immersion objective) has the same refractive index as that of
Identify the WBC/ leucocyte based on their morphological features
A 56 year old male presents to the clinic with a new onset of rash that appeared abruptly after he returned from a hiking trip. He also notes that it has begun to itch and become even worse when he scratches.
The hematological investigations showed an elevated WBC count and the peripheral blood smear exhibited an increase in the percentage of the white blood cell shown in the image
Identify the WBC/leucocyte based on their morphological features