A quantum effect used to amplify correct answers and cancel out incorrect ones during computation, ensuring we get a meaningful result when we measure.

A specialised cooling device that brings qubits to temperatures near absolute zero (-273°C or 0.01 Kelvin), necessary to reduce noise and maintain quantum states.

The basic unit of quantum computation.

A basic operation that changes the state of one or more qubits.

A quantum link between two or more qubits where the state of one instantly influences the other, no matter how far apart they are.

A quantum search algorithm that finds a specific item in an unsorted database quadratically faster than classical methods.

A step-by-step procedure designed specifically to run on a quantum computer, leveraging superposition and entanglement to solve problems faster than any classical algorithm.

Techniques to protect quantum information from decoherence and operational errors by spreading one logical qubit across many physical qubits.

The loss of quantum behaviour (superposition and entanglement) due to interaction with the environment, such as heat, vibration, or radiation.

A quantum algorithm that can factor large numbers exponentially faster than classical computers, threatening current encryption standards like RSA.

The ability of a qubit to be in multiple states until it is measured.