the court suggested that the intention of the legislature could solve interpretation problems as a last resort when the contextual approach could not. The court thus partially recognised the value of the textual approach, but restricted its application to cases where the contextual approach had failed.

the court held that 'an alternative road' meant 'an alternative roadway' and not 'an alternative route'.

the court consulted a dictionary and discovered that the words ?an alternative road? was linguistically limited to a single ordinary grammatical meaning.

the court lamented that the President Jacob Zuma effected the e-tolling system unfairly and unlawfully.