lower population levels cause a decrease in average real wages and lower average real wages cause population levels to increase. / laer bevolkingsvlakke veroorsaak ‘n verlaging in gemiddelde reële lone en laer gemiddelde reële lone veroorsaak dat bevolkingsvlakke verhoog.

higher population levels cause a decrease in average real wages and lower average real wages cause population levels to decrease. / hoër bevolkingsvlakke veroorsaak ‘n verlaging in gemiddelde reële lone en laer gemiddelde reële lone veroorsaak ‘n verlaging in bevolkingsvlakke.

higher average real wages result in a natural reduction in the fertility rate. / hoër gemiddelde lone veroorsaak ‘n natuurlike verlaging in die fertiliteitskoers.

the rate of technological progress is proportional to the level of population growth. / die koers van tegnologiese vooruitgang is proporsioneel tot die vlak van bevolkingsgroei.