There are three common mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer used by bacteria:

• Conjugation
• Transformation 
• Transduction 

A.  Give one contrasting or unique feature for each of the above three mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer.     (3 marks)

B.  A very small number of bacteria are considered to be naturally competent or transformable.  Which feature of these bacteria makes them "transformable"?     (1 mark)

C.  When genetic material is transferred from one bacterium to another, there are three possible fates for the transferred DNA.  Choose one of those fates and briefly explain the outcome in terms of the recipient cell.       (1 + 2 marks)