A red-black tree has a stricter balance condition, so its lookups are asymptotically faster.

A red-black tree needs fewer rotations than an AVL tree on every individual insertion.

A red-black tree has height Θ(log n) on average, but Θ(n) in the worst case.

A red-black tree permits less strict balance and can be taller; both guarantee Θ(log n) worst-case search time.

Both always produce the same shape for the same insertion order.