Next generation sequencing of tumour
samples of rapidly proliferating cells from lung cancer patients identify
several missense mutations in the EGFR gene. Functional studies show that these
mutant receptors signal even when no growth factor is present.

Which statement BEST explains how
these EGFR mutations contribute to cancer?

Question

Next generation sequencing of tumour
samples of rapidly proliferating cells from lung cancer patients identify
several missense mutations in the EGFR gene. Functional studies show that these
mutant receptors signal even when no growth factor is present.

Which statement BEST explains how
these EGFR mutations contribute to cancer?

Accepted Answer

Mutations
in the EGFR kinase domain allow ligand-independent signalling, driving
uncontrolled cell proliferation

Answer

Inherited EGFR
mutations are responsible for tumour formation in all affected patients, leading
to uncontrolled cell proliferation

Answer

EGFR mutations downregulate
transcription of a transcription factor that promotes survival genes

Answer

The mutations
completely inactivate EGFR, removing its growth-suppressing function

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