What was a key distinguishing feature of the European Union's integration process, as compared to attempts at European unification prior to 1952?

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It was the first time that intellectuals and philosophers discussed the topic of European unity.

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It aimed to immediately establish a single currency and fully harmonised economic policies across all participating nations.

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It relied primarily on the leadership of powerful emperors and kings to enforce unity across the continent.

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It represented the first unification achieved without military force, leading to over 70 years of peace among its Member States.

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