A building energy management system uses IoT sensors to monitor electricity consumption and indoor conditions. The system reduces annual electricity use by 50,000 kilowatt-hours (saving 22,500 kilograms CO₂ at a grid intensity of 0.45). The sensors, gateways, and analytics platform together consume 1,200 kilowatt-hours per year and have annualised embodied emissions of 800 kilograms CO₂. Which statement correctly evaluates the net environmental impact?

Question

Accepted Answer

The system produces a clear net benefit: it enables a saving of 22,500 kilograms CO₂ while its own operational and embodied footprint totals approximately 1,340 kilograms CO₂ (540 operational plus 800 embodied), a ratio of roughly 17 to 1

Answer

The system’s embodied emissions cancel out its operational savings, making the investment break-even

Answer

The net benefit cannot be determined without knowing the sensor manufacturer’s country of origin

Answer

The monitoring system produces no net benefit because it consumes energy and has embodied emissions

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A building energy management system uses IoT sensors to monitor electricity cons...

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