Consider the measurement of the DC output voltage of a device under test (DUT), ...
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Consider the measurement of the DC output voltage of a device under test (DUT), which consists of a voltage regulator, as shown in the figure. To obtain the voltage output for a given load , a 4 digital multimeter (DMM) was used as a voltmeter, always selecting the most adequate measurement range for the readings.
A large number of independent voltage readings were taken, with . This resulted in an average value and a standard deviation .
Determine the absolute value for the expanded combined uncertainty (from types A and B uncertainties) at a 95 % confidence interval.
The DMM manufacturer’s accuracy for the DC voltmeter is provided in the table below.
| DC Range | Resolution | Accuracy |
| (reading + LSD) | ||
| 60 mV | 0.001 mV | |
| 600 mV | 0.01 mV | |
| 6 V | 0.1 mV |