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(Assume the tonicity of a Red Blood Cell to be 280 mOsm, the Molecular Weight of Sucrose =340, the Molecular Weight of Urea=60 and NaCl is completely dissociated)
What is the Osmolarity of a solution of 400 mM Urea compared to 100% Physiological Saline?
(Assume Osmolarity of 100% physiological Saline to be 300 mOsm and the Molecular Weight of Urea = 60)
What is the Osmolarity of a solution of 0.28 M sucrose (cane sugar) compared to 100% Physiological Saline?
(Assume Osmolarity of 100% physiological Saline to be 300 mOsm and the Molecular Weight of Sucrose=340)
Compared to the Red Blood Cell, in isotonic saline
0.154M NaCl is also called Physiological saline because it contains the same number of solute particles as the cytoplasm of mammalian cells.
(Assume the tonicity of a Red Blood Cell to be 280 mOsm and the Molecular Weight of Sucrose =340)
The term effective osmolarity is used to take into account the fact that
(Assume the tonicity of a Red Blood Cell to be 280 mOsm and the Molecular Weight of Sucrose =340 and the Molecular Weight of Urea=60)
Given the following three compounds and values for partition coefficient and size:
| Molecule | N-Methylurea (MU) | Ethylene Glycol (EG) | DiEthylene Glycol (DEG) |
| Log P oct:water | -1.4 | -1.36 | -1.32 |
| MW | 74 | 62 | 106 |
you would expect that their permeation into mammalian RBCs would, in order of speed from fastest to slowest, be
(Assume the tonicity of a Red Blood Cell to be 280 mOsm and the Molecular Weight of Sucrose =340)