Hypertension.

An increase in the sodium concentration of the filtrate passing the macula densa.

A decrease in extracellular fluid volume.

Taking 3mg of sodium tablets.

the Bowmans’s capsule hydrostatic pressure drives and glomerular hydrostatic pressure opposes glomerular filtration.

the glomerular hydrostatic pressure opposes and plasma osmotic pressure drives glomerular filtration.

the glomerular hydrostatic pressure and plasma osmotic pressure drive glomerular filtration.

the plasma osmotic pressure opposes and glomerular hydrostatic pressure drives glomerular filtration.

there will be less urinary excretion of Na+ and water.

there will be less urinary excretion of Na+ and more urinary excretion of water.

there will be more urinary excretion of Na+ and less urinary excretion of water.

there will be more urinary excretion of Na+ and water.

is secreted by cells in the medulla.

is secreted in depleted amounts in individuals with central diabetes insipidus.

is secreted in greater concentrations in response to increased plasma volume.

results in an increase in urine volume.

equals net glomerular filtration rate minus net tubular secretion.

is increased by aldosterone.

equals net glomerular filtration rate minus net tubular reabsorption.

is increased by angiotensin II.

Her osmoreceptors, located in the paraventricular and supraoptic nucleus will swell as she is dehydrated.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion will remain the same as this is an acute episode, and thus her urine output will remain the same.

Aquaporin channels will be released from their vesicles and fused to the collecting duct luminal membrane.

Lucy will have a decrease in plasma osmolarity due to her extreme dehydration, and her body will try to increase the plasma osmolarity.

Filtered; secreted; reabsorbed

Reabsorbed; filtered; secreted

Reabsorbed; secreted; filtered

Filtered; reabsorbed; secreted

Intracellular fluid = 15%, Interstitial fluid = 50%, Plasma fluid = 35%

Intracellular fluid = 40%, Interstitial fluid = 20%, Plasma fluid = 40%

Intracellular fluid = 66%, Interstitial fluid = 26%, Plasma fluid = 8%

Intracellular fluid = 32%, Interstitial fluid = 45%, Plasma fluid = 23%