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Which slogan(s) capture Popper's falsificationism? (Select all that apply.)
The simplest explanation is the best
❌
Look for all the white swans
❌
Don't look for all the white swans, try to find a single black swan
✅
The more I look, the more evidence there is
❌
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Popper's falsificationism advises that, to gain confidence in a theory, you should: (Select all that apply.)
Check whether most scientists agree with it
❌
Try to disprove it; the more challenging attempts fail, the more certain you can be
✅
Collect as much confirming data as possible
❌
Ensure it is mathematically provable
❌
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Abduction (seeking the simplest, most likely explanation) is most closely related to which principle? (Select all that apply.)
Modus tollens
❌
Bayes' theorem
❌
Gödel's incompleteness
❌
Occam's razor
✅
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Induction is best described as: (Select all that apply.)
Deriving a specific case from a general law
❌
Deriving a general principle from a body of observations
✅
Proving a statement is unprovable
❌
Choosing the explanation with fewest assumptions
❌
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In deduction, the conclusion follows from the premises in what way? (Select all that apply.)
As the simplest available guess
❌
As a logically compelling consequence
✅
As an empirically untestable claim
❌
As a probable generalization from observations
❌
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Which methods of reasoning are mentioned in the presentation for forming new scientific theories? (Select all that apply.)
Abduction
✅
Deduction
✅
Correlation
❌
Verification
❌
Induction
✅
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According to the presentation, what is the main goal of science? (Select all that apply.)
To maximize citations
❌
To prove all theories permanently
❌
To acquire knowledge about the world
✅
To eliminate all subjectivity from research
❌
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A recommended best practice for getting started with a new topic is to: (Select all that apply.)
Skip implementation entirely
❌
Avoid reading and start with the most complex experiments
❌
Only read the abstract of one paper
❌
Read a lot, implement on toy tasks until you understand, then increase complexity
✅
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In the hypothesis-experiment-analyze loop, what does the presentation warn against? (Select all that apply.)
Having a hypothesis before experimenting
❌
Reading additional literature
❌
Randomly playing around without a hypothesis in mind
✅
Interpreting (not just looking at) results
❌
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Which tools are recommended for literature management? (Select all that apply.)
NeurIPS
❌
Zotero
✅
Modus ponens
❌
Mendeley
✅
OneNote
✅
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