Leaders present themselves as ‘being one of us”

Leaders present themselves as ‘doing it for us’

Leaders craft a ‘special sense of us’

Leaders bring about positive social change that benefits everyone

It is an affective component of the self.

It refers to our negative and positive evaluations.

It is an accurate reflection of someone’s value.

It can be objectively evaluated.

When the groups are independent from one another

When authorities, laws and customs are supportive of both groups

When there is equal status between the groups

When the groups have common goals

Ability to bring about positive social change, and avert negative social change

Ability to motivate followers

Ability to enable/bring about group success

None - all of the statements above are correct.

The punishment is significant; the probability that punishment will occur is very high; the potential aggressor is very angry.

The punishment is significant; the probability that punishment will occur is very high; the potential aggressor is not very angry

The punishment is significant; the probability that punishment will occur is very high. (The anger level of the potential aggressor is irrelevant).

The punishment is significant; the probability that punishment will occur is low. (The anger level of the potential aggressor is irrelevant).