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PYC3714-26-EX06

PYC3714-26-EX06

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Which of the following BEST describes a ratio scale from an interval scale?

Ratio scales have equal intervals but lack a true zero point

A ratio scale includes a true zero point, while an interval scale has no zero point.

Interval scales are used only for ordinal data, while ratio categorical

Interval scales allow for multiplication and division of values, unlike the ratio scale

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Which of the following formulations is a definition of the central limit theorem?

If any measurement, x, is transformed to a standardised z-score, the distribution of z will get closer to normal as n gets larger, with a mean and a standard deviation that can be determined.

A sample of a variable, x, will be normally distributed if n is very large, and the mean and the standard deviation will approach the population mean and the standard deviation.

For any population with mean µ and standard deviation σ

, the distribution of sample means for

sample size

n will have a mean of µ and a standard deviation of σ/√n

and will approach the normal

distribution as

The distribution of

a statistic (e.g., mean

) calculated from

multiple samples

drawn from the same population, to calculate the

population mean,

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A researcher studies whether the amount of caffeine consumed affects concentration levels. Participants drink beverages containing 0 mg, 100 mg, or 200 mg of caffeine. Which variable is the independent variable?

Participants’ alertness

Amount of caffeine consumed

Participants’ concentration scores

Level of concentration

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A coin is flipped 200 times, and it lands on heads 108 times. What probability approach is being used to estimate the probability of getting heads?

Classical approach, because the coin has two possible outcomes

Relative frequency approach, because the estimate is based on observed data

Classical approach, because heads and tails are equally likely

Subjective approach, because the result depends on opinion

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A box contains 10 apples, 10 oranges, and 10 bananas. One fruit is randomly selected from the box. What is the probability of selecting an orange?

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A box contains 10 apples, 10 oranges, and 10 bananas. One fruit is randomly selected from the box. If one fruit is randomly selected, what is the probability that it will be an apple?

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Which of the following statements correctly describes the area under the standard normal distribution curve?

Approximately 50% of the data lies within two standard deviations of the mean

The total area under the curve equals 1

The area between the mean and one standard deviation above the mean is approximately 68%

The curve only includes positive values of the standard normal variable

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A psychologist wants to determine whether the average stress level of first?year psychology students at a university differs from the national average stress score of university students, which is known to be 60. She randomly selects 25 psychology students and finds that their average stress score is 65. What statistical test should the researcher use to determine if the sample mean significantly differs from the population mean?

Paired samples t-test

Chi-square test

Single-sample z-test

Independent samples t-test

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What is the expected value for

the upper right cell (i.e., individual female) in the following contingency

table, giving observed values, to be used in computing the chi-square (c

²) test statistic?

Study Method	Male	Female	Row total
Individual	18	12	30
Group	12	18	30
Column total	30	30	60

60

18

30

12

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Which test statistic is unlikely to be conducted with nominal data?

Pearson Chi-Square

Pearson’s

correlation test statistic

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