Provide accurate information from a distance

Be mostly under cognitive control

Be present in all “lower” animals

None of the above

Encode our environment with 100% accuracy

it

allows for step functions in evolution

Darwin

was not a proponent of phylogenetic gradualism

the

claim that “phylo genes” are the unit of inheritance

none

of these

the idea that evolutionary change occurs in small quantitatively

incremental, linear steps

any activity

that the organism is capable of can be conditioned, and these responses can be

conditioned to any stimulus the organism can perceive

positive

reinforcement can be used to enhance repetition of behaviours that are part of

an animal’s natural repertoire of behaviour

all

of these

only biologically/evolutionary salient stimuli can act as a conditioned

stimulus and the unconditioned response need not follow immediately

any

perceivable stimuli can act as a conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned

response must follow immediately

Intentions

Emotions

Consciousness

Intentional states and environmental input

Environmental history

action follows from reason

by determining choices consistent with specific goals, given specific

beliefs

it does not; reason is about conclusions

by determining beliefs given specific goals

reason and action belong to different domains

Darwin

and Huxley

Darwin

& William James

Darwin & Kant

Darwin & Wallace

Darwin

Symbol, axiom

Transformation rule, theorem

Axiom, theorem

Belief, desire

Theorem, axiom

the causal connection between stimulus and response

all of these

species-specific versus individual-specific functions

involvement of different brain systems

involvement of different conceptual mechanisms

Graceful Degradation

Proactive Interference

Content Accessibility

Decay

Semantic decay

it depends what they feel like

no; yes

yes; yes

yes; no

no; no