A German public health campaign reads: “Rauchen gefährdet Ihre Gesundheit.”

The translator renders it as: “Smoking kills.”

Which model best explains this decision?

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A translator replaces a culturally opaque biblical metaphor with an explanatory phrase to ensure comprehension. Which theoretical tension is activated?

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Equivalence affects translator agency by:

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If equivalence depends on context, what logically follows in translation theory?

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Equivalence is best understood as:

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A translator begins working on a difficult philosophical text by assuming that, despite its complexity, it contains something meaningful that can be understood and translated. Only later do they confront resistance and ambiguity. Which stage of Steiner’s hermeneutic motion is primarily illustrated here?

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A translator acknowledges that their linguistic choices influence how philosophical ideas enter Ukrainian academic discourse. They describe themselves not as a neutral transmitter but as a participant in shaping intellectual landscapes. Which concept best captures this self-understanding?

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A student reflects: “Translation doesn’t just move ideas between languages. It changes how concepts exist in a culture.” Which statement best aligns with Unit III?

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Unit III reframes translation beyond semantic transfer. Which TWO statements best reflect this shift?

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Which THREE features characterize translation as ontological event in Unit III?

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