A translator produces a version aligned with skopos but later realizes the purpose marginalizes certain readers. This scenario most directly foregrounds:

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Two versions of the same legal notice are produced:

– Version A strictly mirrors source syntax.

– Version B reorganizes information to suit target legal conventions.

Under Skopos theory, evaluation depends primarily on:

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A translator chooses to retain syntactic tension in the TT even though a smoother construction is available. They explain that the marked structure is necessary to preserve interpretive resistance. At which analytical level does this decision primarily operate?

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Which TWO risks remain even if Version 2 is “adequate” under Commission B?

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Context (shared stem for Tasks 21–25):

You are commissioned to translate a short public speech by a government official during social unrest. The English source contains: (i) emotionally charged metaphors (“restore order,” “protect stability”); (ii) implicit framing of protesters as disruptive; (iii) ambiguous references to “external influences”; (iv) formal rhetorical tone.

Two commissions are possible:

• Commission A: translation for an international diplomatic audience; objective: maintain official tone and credibility.
• Commission B: translation for a human rights NGO publication; objective: expose rhetorical framing and ideological positioning.

Two drafts exist:

• Version 1: preserves tone, metaphors, and ambiguity; lexically faithful, rhetorically smooth.
• Version 2: introduces clarifying lexical shifts (“restore order” → “reassert state control”), reduces ambiguity, foregrounds ideological implications.

Under Skopos theory, which statement is most accurate?

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A translation perfectly fulfills its commission but subtly reinforces dominant institutional ideology. Which TWO statements best interpret this situation?

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If purpose governs translation, which THREE questions become unavoidable?

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Which TWO theoretical claims are most defensible in this scenario?

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You are assigned Commission B (human rights NGO). Which version is more adequate, and why?

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If translation is commissioned social action, which THREE implications follow?

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