Question F5

Excited by the discovery of this novel cancer driver, researchers aimed to develop a therapeutic approach to target MFAB.

4 marks

Question F2

To better understand the impacts of this MFAB mutation on cancer progression, pathologists performed an immunoblot on Mr Jones’ tumour biopsy, in order to assess changes in cellular signalling pathways. This was analysed alongside healthy intestinal tissue. Actin served as a loading control, ensuring equal protein was loaded.

3 marks

Question F4

Further testing revealed that Mr Jones' adenocarcinoma had spread to other sites in the body. Describe the molecular and cellular changes that facilitate this process.

4 marks

Question F3

Which

other cell types within the tumour microenvironment would help to promote the cancer hallmark identified in B? In your answer be sure to describe the role of these cell types in contributing to this hallmark.

5 marks

Question F1

Using the information provided, determine the type of change this mutation causes in the encoded amino acid at position 505. Given this change, what is the likely impact of this mutation on MFAB function and how would you classify this type of cancer mutation?

4 marks

Question 1

Part I

What is the normal function

of HER2 and how does it contribute to cancer development? 

Part II

  Give three

differences between “A” and “B” pathways.

Question 3

Which of the figures (A or B) is most likely to be

associated to Ms Mayo and why?

Question 2

With regards to (i) angiogenic switch, and (ii)

metastasis, what will be the cellular outcome of cells from (A) and (B)

pathways?

Which statement about retinoblastoma is CORRECT?

Identify which gene type does NOT contribute to human cancer: