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Elective_2nd year_Step 1_med
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Secondary immunodeficiency often develops as a result of an infection. Certain pathogens multiply within immune system cells, leading to their destruction. Which diseases can have such an impact on the immune system?
A pediatrician suspects scarlet fever in a 2-year-old child who presents with catarrhal symptoms and a skin rash. The child was given a small dose of serum containing antibodies to the streptococcal erythrogenic toxin. At the injection site, the rash disappeared. What do these reaction results indicate?
A man who was bitten by an unknown dog sought surgical treatment. He had wide, ragged wounds on his face. What treatment should be provided to prevent rabies?
In the course of a surgical operation, a blood transfusion was administered. The blood needs to be examined to detect antigens associated with a particular disease. Which disease is expected to be identified?
During the bacteriological examination of rinsing (after lavage) water from a patient with food poisoning, a pure bacterial culture was inoculated. The culture showed features typical of a gram-negative, motile bacillus, growing in achromic colonies within the Endo environment. Which pathogen is the most likely cause of the disease?
Aspirin has its anti-inflammatory effect due to inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity. Which biologically active acids will decrease as a result of aspirin intake?
A 1.5-year-old child presents with both cognitive and physical developmental delays, discoloration of skin and hair, and a decrease in catecholamine concentration in the blood. When a few drops of a 5% solution of trichloroacetic acid were added to the child's urine, it turned olive green. These changes are indicative of the following pathology of amino acid metabolism:
A donor skin transplantation was performed on a patient with extensive burns. On the 8 day, the graft looked swollen and changed its colour. By the end of the 11 day, graft rejection began. Which cells are involved in this process?
A 16-year-old boy underwent an appendectomy after being hospitalized on account of right lower quadrant abdominal pain lasting for 18 hours. The removed appendix is edematous and erythematous. Which type of cells must have infiltrated the appendix?
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After the removal of a patient's gallbladder, the process of calcium absorption through the intestinal wall was disturbed. Which vitamin stimulates this process?