increased hemolysis of red blood cells

impaired conjugation of bilirubin in hepatocytes

acute necrosis of hepatocytes

violation of the outflow of bile

increased ammonium in the blood

decreased residual blood nitrogen

ketonemia

increased creatinine in the blood

increased secretion of electrolytes and water in the small intestine

exudation of the liquid part of the plasma

increased peristalsis of the small intestine

increase in osmotic pressure of chyme in the intestinal lumen

intestinal spasms

malabsorption

lead intoxication

lack of fiber in food

fever

food, thermally processed and crushed

dehydration

atrophic gastritis

Stomach

Ileum

Duodenum

Ascending colon

inability to swallow

increased food consumption

preference for high-calorie foods

excessively increased appetite due to dysregulation of eating behavior

excessive parasympathetic stimulation of the stomach

treatment with glucocorticoids

atrophy of the gastric mucosa

Helicobacter pylori infection

enterogastric reflex.

vomiting reflex.

defecation reflex.

autodigestive reflex.

negative nitrogen balance

positive nitrogen balance

obesity

heartburn