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2025 Fall GEOL 1001 for Dominique Garello (Shell 1)

2025 Fall GEOL 1001 for Dominique Garello (Shell 1)

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Why were mammals able to become the dominant species at the beginning of the Cenozoic?

The amphibians that first walked on land died out because it was too cold for them, after which mammals with fur took over.

The mammals were finally able to grow legs and come out of the ocean to populate the land.

Mammals evolved from primates after the dinosaurs went extinct and became the top predators.

The dinosaurs died off and the small rodent-like mammals of the Mesozoic evolved to fill the niche.

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Which is a false statement about the Precambrian?

the first abundant shelly organisms appeared in the fossil record.

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first life forms appeared by 3.5 Ga

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by 4 Ga Earth's crustal rocks began to form, and oceans were present

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the Earth’s interior was so hot that a solid outer crust, if present, was likely being extensively remelted.

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Early Precambrian greenstones are formed from and evidence for

the precipitation of silica in the deep sea.

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metamorphosed relicts of ocean crust.

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sand and clay eroded from volcanic areas.

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basalts produced at hot spots.

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True giant dinosaurs were present for the entire Mesozoic Era.

true

we do not know

false

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The boundary between the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras is defined by which event?

K-T extinction event where most dinosaurs died off

100%

appearance of flowering plants

the formation of the supercontinent Pangea

mass appearance of hard bodied organisms in the fossil record

a mass extinction called the Great Dying event

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What is a possible cause for the extinction event called the Great Dying?

a meteorite impact that killed the dinosaurs

a new kind of super predator that devoured nearly all life in the oceans

content of the atmosphere changed during the Precambrian

extensive volcanism leading to a great outpouring of lava at the end of the Paleozoic

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Which statement related to the oxygenation of Earth's atmosphere is false?

sedimentary rocks that formed before 2.4 Ma are not red because there was a lack of oxygen for oxidation to occur.

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cyanobacteria photosynthesis was the main process that oxygenated Earth's early atmosphere.

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the first oxygenation event occurred around 700 Ma

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the great oxygenation event was the first increase in oxygen but was not as large as the second oxygenation event.

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If you came across a fossil site that contained banded-iron formation rocks and only stromatolite fossils with NO evidence of hard-bodied multi-cellular complex organisms, which division of Earth’s history could you assume these fossils belong to?

Cenozoic

Mesozoic

Paleozoic

Precambrian

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Which is true about mammals?

mammals started off in the oceans and evolved to live on land

the first mammal looked like a chimp.

they first appeared in the Mesozoic.

mammals greatly diversified in the late Mesozoic which contributed to the extinction of dinosaurs.

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