Water

is withdrawn at the bottom of a large tank open to the atmosphere. The water

velocity is 6.6 m/s. The minimum height of the water in the tank is

The

difference between the heights of energy grade line (EGL) and hydraulic grade

line (HGL) is equal to

Consider

incompressible, frictionless flow of water in a vertical piping. The pressure is

240 kPa at 2 m from the ground level. The velocity of water does not change

during this flow. The pressure at 15 m from the ground level is

Water

enters a 4-cm-diameter pipe at a velocity of 1 m/s. The diameter of the pipe is

reduced to 3 cm at the exit. The velocity of the water at the exit is

Water flows in a 5-cm-diameter pipe at a

velocity of 0.75 m/s. The mass flow rate of water in the pipe is

Seawater

is to be pumped into a large tank at a rate of 165 kg/min. The tank is open to

the atmosphere and the water enters the tank from a 80-m-height. The overall

efficiency of the motor-pump unit is 75 percent and the motor consumes

electricity at a rate of 3.2 kW. Take the correction factor to be 1. If the

irreversible head loss in the piping is 7 m, the velocity of the water at the

tank inlet is

An

adibatic pump is used to increase the pressure of water from 100 kPa to 500 kPa

at a rate of 400 L/min. If the efficiency of the pump is 75 percent, the

maximum temperature rise of the water across the pump is

The

shaft power from a 90 percent-efficient turbine is 500 kW. If the mass flow

rate through the turbine is 575 kg/s, the extracted head removed from the fluid

by the turbine is

Consider

incompressible, frictionless flow of a fluid in a horizontal piping. The

pressure and velocity of a fluid is measured to be 150 kPa and 1.25 m/s at a

specified point. The density of the fluid is 700 kg/m

The

efficiency of a hydraulic turbine-generator unit is specified to be 85 percent.

If the generator efficiency is 96 percent, the turbine efficiency is