Imagine that you had to write a research paper and use this text as your primary source. Write THREE possible research questions that you could answer in your paper.

**Remember: a good research question is open-ended, and it could potentially be answered in different ways.

The conclusion of the primary source consists of three paragraphs. Throughout these three paragraphs, the following words/phrases can be found (sometimes multiple times):

• there is evidence that
• may
• might
• perhaps

Which of the following answers best describe(s) why the authors used such vocabulary in their conclusion? You may choose more than one answer.

Look at the following paragraph from page 6 (I have put the last sentence in bold):

Another concept relevant here is ‘the prevalence inflation hypothesis’, whereby Foulkes and Andrews (2023, 1) suggest that such efforts to raise awareness of mental health may lead some individuals to interpret milder forms of distress as mental health problems. This can then lead to a cycle of ‘overinterpretation’ and resultant behavioural changes which actually make low-level problems worse. The authors point out that there is added encouragement for this kind of over-interpretation because speaking out about one’s mental health problems is now valorised, especially on social media. We might also ponder whether valorising these feelings through the endorsement, by university staff, of student demands for ‘safe spaces’, trigger warnings and the no-platforming of certain speakers, all in the name of safety, might actually reinforce this cycle.

The last sentence of this paragraph is very carefully phrased. REWRITE this sentence in a way that is not so careful; that is, try and clearly state what the authors are so carefully suggesting.

According to the text, which of the following is NOT a factor that has contributed to Gen Z's feeling of vulnerability?

Look at the following paragraph from page 6 of our primary source:

In 2022, Hillman undertook follow-up research to ascertain if/how student attitudes to censorship had changed since his 2016 study. The results showed significantly increased support for censorship as follows:

• 79% of students believe ‘Students that feel threatened should always have their demands forsafety respected’ (up from 68% in 2016), while 4% disagree (down from 10% in 2016).
• 61% of students say ‘when in doubt’ their own university ‘should ensure all students areprotected from discrimination rather than allow unlimited free speech’ (up from 37% in 2016).
• The proportion of students who believe ‘universities are becoming less tolerant of a wide range of viewpoints’ has risen to 38% (up from 24% in 2016), and this view is considerably more common among male students (51%) than female students (28%).
• The proportion of students who agree that ‘if you debate an issue like sexism or racism, you make it acceptable’ has doubled from the 2016 result to 35% (Hillman, 2022).

Twenge (2017) noted that iGeneration (iGen) (those born from 1995 onwards) differ from previous generations in several significant ways, one being that they tend to grow up more slowly, reaching adult milestones later (e.g. leaving home, dating, having sex, getting a job) and have spent less time unsupervised by adults. Another difference is that iGen exhibits far higher rates of anxiety and depression than previous generations. Twenge’s investigation was in the USA, but trends in the UK indicate that five times the number of first-year undergraduate students declared a mental health problem in 2015/16 compared to 2007/8 (Institute for Public Policy research 2017). iGen probably began arriving on university campuses in 2013, so this stark finding may echo Twenge’s findings. Whilst in 2009/10 male and female students were equally likely to report mental health problems, by 2015/16 female students were more likely to disclose (1.4% male, 2.5% female). Whilst it might be tempting to think that we are only witnessing a broadening of criteria in terms of identification and diagnosis, this theory is belied by the fact that student suicide increased by 79% between 2007 and 2015/16. Student dropout rates increased 210% between 2009/10 and 2014/15 (Institute for Public Policy Research 2017).

This paragraph shows an upward trend in increased anxiety and depression, but which sentence shows that it might NOT ONLY be an issue of diagnosing something that was not diagnosed before?

On page 5, Fenton and Smith quote the definition of academic freedom from the Higher Education Governance (Scotland) Act from 2016 as the "freedom within the law to hold and express opinions, questionand test established ideas or received wisdom, develop and advance new ideas or innovative proposals, and present controversial or unpopular points of view."

Of the following two examples from page 5 of the text, which of these goes against this idea of academic freedom? You may choose more than one answer.

The authors describe critical social justice theory at length in our primary source. Which of the following is NOT true about critical social justice ideology?

In our primary source, Jacobs and Potter are quoted as saying "it is strategically advantageous to be recognized as disadvantaged and victimized. The greater a group's victimization, the stronger its moral claim on the larger society." 

Which of the following answers describes what Jacobs and Potter are proposing here? You may choose more than one answer.

The authors write that "regulating hateful speech is controversial on account of it being, essentially, a 'thought' crime (Hall qtd. in Fenton and Smith). 

According to the text, why is controlling something that is considered a "thought crime" controversial?

There is an old saying that goes like this:

"Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me."

The authors of our primary source suggest multiple times that this saying is outdated. Provide TWO examples from the text for this (using direct quotes and including the pages on which you can find these quotes), and briefly explain why these quotes suggest that the saying above is outdated.