Learning Unit 3 discusses the concept of coercive, imitative and normative pressures in institutional theory, which influences how institutions act. Could these pressures have played a role in the Tembisa Hospital fraud? Evaluate critically.

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No, coercive, imitative and normative pressure only apply to corporate institutions, not to government institutions.

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Yes, Tembisa hospital imitatively copied the practices of successful private hospitals that routinely purchase from fraud syndicates.

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Yes, if procurement fraud was common in Tembisa hospital, the officials may have been influenced by normative pressure - the culture and perceptions on 'how things are done' in the particular hospital.

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Yes, the syndicates were coerced by the practices of foreign companies that had worked with the hospital previously to commit the frauds.

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No, officials participated purely because of the coercive pressure of the various laws, regulations and standards in South Africa that prohibit fraud.

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Learning Unit 3 discusses the concept of coercive, imitative and normative press...

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