According to legitimacy theory, an institution loses legitimacy (the right to exist) when it fails to honour its social contract with society. How have the municipalities in this article damaged their legitimacy?

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The municipalities keep their legitimacy because they do provide some water through tanker contracts, which is a good workaround for the problem.

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Legitimacy can only be lost by the national government, not by municipalities.

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Legitimacy is only lost in the eyes of residents who actually experience water shortages.

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The municipalities have severely damaged their legitimacy by failing to deliver a basic constitutional right — water — and by working with criminal networks that exploit residents.

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The municipalities have not lost legitimacy because they are still functioning and holding elections.

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According to legitimacy theory, an institution loses legitimacy (the right to ex...

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