La población de alumnos de una universidad es de10,000 alumnos, de los cuales el 6,000 son de sexo femenino y 4,000 de sexo masculino. De esta población, se va a seleccionar una muestra de alumnos con elobjetivo de estimar el porcentaje de ellos que ha reprobado por lo menos una asignatura. Si el investigador decidiera tomar una muestra de 600 alumnos de ambos sexo y que quiere estratificarlo por sexo del alumno, ¿cuál sería su recomendación de como estratificarlo? Es decir, ¿cuántos de sexo femenino y cuántos de sexo masculino elegiría?

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Una firma encuestadora desea saber la opinión de las personas sobre la presentación de cieros productos de consumo masivo. Para la selección de la muestra, primero selecciona tres plazas comerciales de un listados donde hay 10 plazas comerciales. Luego, en cada plaza colocan cinco encuestadores los cuales, entrevistan personas cada 10 minutos y un supervisor que asegura la realización del trabajo. Si al transcurrir exactamente 10 minutos, no pasa ningún visitante de la plaza, se toma el siguiente que pase. Para la selección de las tres plazas el investigador principal le pregunta a cada uno de su personal que le de un número entre uno y diez y el número que sea mencionado es incluido en la muestra. Seleccione la respuesta correcta para las siguientes preguntas

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¿Cuál de las siguientes afirmaciones es cierta sobre las características del muestreo estratificado?