The MMU knows whether a page is present in physical memory or not thanks to the "present" bit in page-table entries. 

If a process references a page that is currently stored on disk, the process makes a read syscall to read the page from disk.

If the memory image of a new process does not fit in physical memory, the process is always terminated by the OS. 

If a process references a page that is currently stored on disk, the MMU triggers a page fault, which causes the OS to map the page to a frame in physical memory.

Without the TLB, address translation would be significantly slower.

Without the TLB, some addresses would be correctly translated but others not.

The TLB caches the results of the most recently/frequently performed address translations.

Without the TLB, address translation would not work.

The 3 most significant bits of a virtual memory address represent the virtual page number.

Virtual memory address 0b1 maps to physical memory address 0b1010.

Virtual memory address 0b0 maps to physical memory address 0b0.

The 6 most significant bits of a physical memory address represent the frame number.

The 4 least significant bits of a virtual memory address represent the offset.

A multi-level page table consumes more space than a linear page table.

A multi-level page table consumes less space than a linear page table.

A multi-level page table enables faster address translation than a linear page table.

A linear page table can map more memory addresses than a multi-level page table.

Each process can have 2^10 = 1024 pages.

Each frame fits 2^6 = 64 bytes.

Each page fits 2^6 = 64 bytes.

Virtual memory address 0b1000000001100001 may map to physical memory address 0b1100101101111000.

Virtual memory address 0b1 necessarily maps to the second byte of a frame.

Each process's memory image must fit within 2^6=64 bytes.

Virtual memory address 0b0 necessarily maps to physical memory address 0b0.

A page is a fixed-size chunk of the computer's physical address space.

The smaller the page size, the worse the problem of internal fragmentation.

A frame is a fixed-size chunk of physical memory.

The bigger the page size, the worse the problem of internal fragmentation.

A page is a fixed-size chunk of a process's virtual address space.

P1 may change the values that have been pushed into P2's stack, causing P2 to pop the wrong values from the stack.

P1 may be able to read and/or modify P2's data.