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Text AIn recent years, online shopping has grown at an astonishing rate. More and more consumers prefer to shop from the comfort of their homes rather than visiting physical stores. While this digital shift benefits many, it also creates an unfair playing field between traditional businesses and online retailers. Therefore, taxing online stores is not only necessary but also beneficial for the economy and society as a whole.First of all, taxing online stores ensures fairness in business competition. Traditional brick-and-mortar stores are already subject to various local and national taxes. Without imposing the same obligations on online sellers, governments unintentionally give digital businesses an unfair advantage. Tax equality is essential to support fair competition and allow small physical shops to survive.Secondly, online store taxation helps increase state revenue, which can then be allocated for public services such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure. In a growing digital economy, relying solely on traditional sectors for tax income is no longer sustainable. If online platforms contribute their fair share, the government will have more resources to invest in national development.Furthermore, it encourages transparency and consumer protection. When online sellers areregistered and taxed properly, it becomes easier to regulate product standards, track fraudulent activity, and enforce consumer rights. Taxation can push informal or unregistered online sellers to operate legally, which will improve overall trust in the digital marketplace.In conclusion, taxing online stores should be fully implemented and supported. It promotes fairness, strengthens the economy, and ensures better protection for consumers. Governments and citizens alike must understand that taxation is not a punishment, but a contribution to a more balanced and sustainable future.Text BGovernments in many countries have begun to impose taxes on online sellers, claiming it's for fairness and national income. However, taxing online stores, especially small and independent sellers, is amisguided move that brings more harm than good.To begin with, most online sellers are individuals or micro businesses, not large corporations. They sell products to make ends meet or to support their families. Introducing taxes will only discourage these small players, limit their growth, and ultimately force many to shut down. Unlike big brands, they don't have the resources to handle administrative costs or complicated tax systems.In addition, online shopping is one of the few industries that remained strong during the pandemic.People turned to online stores not just for convenience, but also for survival. Instead of supporting this digital progress, taxing these platforms sends the wrong message: that innovation is punished, notencouraged.Furthermore, the burden will not stop at the sellers. When online stores are taxed, many will raise their prices to survive. This means that consumers, especially low-income ones, will also be impacted What was once affordable and accessible becomes expensive and limited. In short, taxing online stores is not the solution we need. It slows down digital transformation, hurte small entrepreneurs, and creates more inequality. Rather than taxing, governments should focus on support, training, and fair regulation-not another financial burden.Based on the text, which of the following statements are the main ideas of the two texts? Check True or False
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When the weather warms up, many of us turn to a cold shower to cool down. But while this feels like relief, it may not actually help.Cold exposure causes blood vessels near the skin to constrict, reducing blood flow. So, instead of releasing heat, a cold shower traps it around your internal organs. You're tricking your body into conserving heat, not shedding it. Depending on how cold the water is, sudden exposure can even trigger dangerous consequences. Water at 15°C can provoke the cold shock response-vessels constrict rapidly, blood pressure rises, and the heart pumps against increased resistance.This can be risky for people with heart conditions like coronary artery disease. Cold shock may also cause irregular heartbeat-or in extreme cases, even death-especially when going from very hot to very cold conditions.Thankfully, these events are rare and unlikely with a quick cold shower at home. Still, you might want to skip the cold plunge or avoid an ice bath on a hot day. Another reason: it may not be very effective for hygiene. Sweat mixes with sebum and bacteria to produce body odour. Cold water is less effective at removing sebum and debris than warm water, so odour can linger.Cold water also tightens skin, potentially trapping dirt in pores, leading to blackheads or acne. Warm or lukewarm water helps loosen and dissolve these materials.As you plan your escape from the heat, a lukewarm or cool shower-not a cold one-is a safer, more effective choice. Let your body release heat naturally, and cool off gradually to avoid shocking your system.Adapted from: https://theconversation.com/why-taking-a-cold-shower-on-a-hot-day-might-be-a-bad-idea-259074Which of the following statements best strengthens the ideas presented in the text?
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Kindness makes the world better.As we know, bullying is one of the most common problems in our life. We see many bullying cases around us; in neighborhoods, streets, and schools. The effect of bullying is very bad and could be even worse, and we must stop it by sharing our kindness.First, we must understand the effects of bullying. It can make the victim have trauma when socializing with others. It makes them feel scared of being bullied again. It can also cause mental health issues and lead to depression.Second, a bully's victim has a chance to bully other people because the victim feels very sad and angry, which results in a lot of trauma and a desire for revenge. But, they can't take revenge on the people who bullied them, so they search for someone else who is weaker than them to bully.Finally, we can stop bullying by sharing our kindness and helping those who feel insecure because of bullying. There are some actions we can take to stop bullying:* Support those who get bullied.* Report bullying cases.* Give moral education so there are no more bullying cases.With these actions, we can help reduce bullying cases around us. We can help a lot of people and create a healthier life for everyone and a better environment.Which statement best evaluates the effectiveness of kindness in preventing bullying?
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Zara: I'm thinking about joining the English debate club. Do you think I should join?Noah: You should, because it can help you improve your speaking skills.Zara: But I might be too nervous to speak in front of many people.Noah: You don't have to be perfect. You just need practice. Besides, the seniors can guide you.Zara: That helps. Maybe I can try attending one meeting first.What can be inferred from Zara's last line?
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In today's digital age, social media is a huge part of our daily lives. Platforms like Instagram, Facebook, and TikTok are filled with images and posts that showcase the best moments of people's lives. While it can be enjoyable to scroll through these perfect snapshots, it can also create unrealistic expectations about life and self-worth. It's crucial for us to recognize that many of these portrayals are not genuine. They are often carefully crafted to look flawless, and this can lead to feelings of inadequacy among viewers. Authenticity should be our goal when we engage with social media. Sharing real moments-both the ups and downs-allows us to present a more balanced view of life. When we show our true selves, we not only feel more comfortable in our own skin, but we also encourage others to embrace their authenticity. This creates a positive ripple effect, reducing the pressure to conform to unrealistic standards and fostering a sense of community. Moreover, being authentic can significantly improve our mental well-being. When we portray ourselves honestly, we free ourselves from the burden of maintaining a perfect image. This can lead to greater self-acceptance and less anxiety. The pressure to look perfect can be overwhelming, and many people struggle with this. By showing our true selves, we can help normalize the struggles that everyone faces, whether it's dealing with stress, anxiety, or everyday challenges. Let's make a change together! Instead of aiming for an unattainable ideal, let's embrace our true selves. Share your real experiences, your struggles, and your victories. Celebrate the moments that make you who you are, rather than the moments that are only for show. By doing this, we can build a community that values authenticity over idealization. Together, we can create a healthier and more supportive online environment for everyone.Let's commit to being real, fostering genuine connections, and uplifting one another. It's time to redefine what success and happiness look like in the digital world, making authenticity our new standard.Adapted from: https://aneverdtrms.com/the-impact-of-social-media-on-mental-health/Analyze the impact of unrealistic portrayals on mental health. What might be the long-term effects of these portrayals on individuals?
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Have you ever heard the expression that a glass is half full or half empty? If not, imagine that you are looking at a glass filled exactly halfway with liquid. Now, is the glass half full or half empty to you? People who say it is half full are called optimists, while people who say it is half empty are called pessimists.One of the clearest ways to see the differences between the two is to look at how optimists and pessimists explain events. When something bad happens, optimists tend to see the event as a single event which does not affect other areas of their lives. For example, Ratu is an optimistic person. When she gets a low grade on a test, she will say to herself: "Oh well that was one test I didn't do well on. I wasn't feeling well that day. I have another test in a few days. I'll do better on that one."Pessimists, on the other hand, feel that an event is just one of a string of bad events affecting their lives and that they're somehow the cause of it. Let's take a look at Puja. She is a pessimist. When she gets a low grade on a test, she might say: "I failed again. I never do well on tests. I'm stupid. I should just quit trying." And when something goes well for Puja, she often attributes her success to luck. She may say, "I was just lucky that time," and she doesn't expect to do well again. While optimists don't see themselves as failures, pessimists do. Research has shown that optimism can be a learned trait and that, despite their upbringing, people can train themselves to respond to events in more positive terms. For example, Jagat has a tendency to react negatively to events. The first thing he has to do is become conscious of that behavior. Once he identifies how he is reacting, he can reframe his thoughts in more positive terms, as Ratu did when she failed the test. As Jagat does more of this, he forms new patterns of response, and over time these responses become automatic. Gradually he can develop a more positive outlook on life. What about you? How do you see life? Is the glass half full or half empty?How do optimists and pessimists differ in the way they explain bad events in their lives?
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Kindness makes the world better.As we know, bullying is one of the most common problems in our life. We see many bullying cases around us; in neighborhoods, streets, and schools. The effect of bullying is very bad and could be even worse, and we must stop it by sharing our kindness.First, we must understand the effects of bullying. It can make the victim have trauma when socializing with others. It makes them feel scared of being bullied again. It can also cause mental health issues and lead to depression.Second, a bully's victim has a chance to bully other people because the victim feels very sad and angry, which results in a lot of trauma and a desire for revenge. But, they can't take revenge on the people who bullied them, so they search for someone else who is weaker than them to bully.Finally, we can stop bullying by sharing our kindness and helping those who feel insecure because of bullying. There are some actions we can take to stop bullying:* Support those who get bullied.* Report bullying cases.* Give moral education so there are no more bullying cases.With these actions, we can help reduce bullying cases around us. We can help a lot of people and create a healthier life for everyone and a better environment.Which action below best supports the author's suggestion to stop bullying?
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If the taxation were really implemented on online stores, what would happen?
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Zara: I'm thinking about joining the English debate club. Do you think I should join?Noah: You should, because it can help you improve your speaking skills.Zara: But I might be too nervous to speak in front of many people.Noah: You don't have to be perfect. You just need practice. Besides, the seniors can guide you.Zara: That helps. Maybe I can try attending one meeting first.Zara says "I might be too nervous…" The modal "might" indicates…
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In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots like ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot have gained popularity, with many users turning to them during moments of emotional difficulty. Some people describe them as helpful conversational companions, even calling them low-cost alternatives to therapy. However, these general-purpose chatbots are not licensed therapists. While they may generate fast, relevant responses based on patterns found in internet text, they are not trained under medical guidelines or ethical standards. Despite this, some developers have created specialized mental health AIs such as Woebot and Wysa, which show promise in reducing anxiety or depression symptoms and supporting therapy techniques like journaling. Early studies suggest short-term benefits from using these mental health chatbots. However, many of these studies exclude participants with severe conditions and are sometimes funded by the same companies that developed the bots-raising questions about bias and credibility.Importantly, researchers warn of possible risks associated with long-term or excessive chatbot use. Concerns include emotional dependence, unhealthy attachment, loneliness, and even involvement in dangerous behavior. One study cited a case where a chatbot reportedly failed to discourage a user from committing a crime, showing the potential harm of AI lacking human judgment and empathy.Still, chatbots may fill urgent gaps in mental health support-especially where access to professionals is limited. For people with financial constraints, they provide an affordable first step. They're also useful between therapy sessions or for those on waitlists. The writer suggests that chatting with an AI when you're having a rough day may be helpful, but persistent emotional distress should be addressed by a professional.While general-purpose chatbots can offer basic guidance, they should not replace trained professionals, especially for diagnosing or managing long-term mental health issues. Further research is needed to evaluate their safety and effectiveness.Adapted from: "Do you talk to AI when you're feeling down? Here's where chatbots get their therapy advice" by Containe Snoswell, Aaron J. Snoswell, and Laura Neill."A therapist who conducted a research on the use of AI on mental health treatment, says that chatbots are virtually incapable of discouraging damaging behaviors. One chatbot he studied reluctantly agreed with his plan to commit a crime." These sentences can be a supporting evidence for which of the following statements?
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