Minimising carbon-based energy inputs

Innovating better distribution or collection mechanisms

Maximising system efficiencies

Introducing smart water technologies

Reducing food waste

Shifting towards a more western diet

Minimising losses along the supply chain

Better soil and land management

Many providers and one end user

A point-source provider and many end users

Many providers and many end users

A point source provider and a direct end user

Methane emitted from land use change

Methane emitted from enteric fermentation

Carbon dioxide emitted from enteric fermentation

Production and consumption

Production and destruction

Cradle and grave

Consumption and destruction

To understand emissions across multiple life cycle stages

All of the above

To understand direct and indirect emissions associated with an activity

To get a measure of carbon dioxide emissions for our NDCs