In the following image, label A-D.

You are a medical student in a GP practice. With the consent of a patient identifying as male, you are performing a physical examination with a nurse present. You can feel some small, hard and swollen node-type structures just inferior to the mid-point of the inguinal ligament. Considering the lymphatic drainage in that area, pathology in which of the following would most likely be contributing to the enlarged nodes in this area?

The tunica vaginalis layer has a variable attachment to the testis, which gives rise to a change in the risk of testicular torsion. This variability has been illustrated as follows:

Which of the configurations of the tunica vaginalis is MOST LIKELY to result in testicular torsion (think about why while reviewing this question)?

A 15-year-old boy (assigned at birth) presents to the Emergency Department with nausea, vomiting, and severe unilateral testicular pain. On examination, the affected testis seems to lie transversely. A diagnosis of testicular torsion is made, and the patient is rushed off to the surgical theatre for treatment. The anatomical structure that is primarily twisted in testicular torsion is:

A patient presents with recurrent pancreatitis and on ultrasound is found to have thrombosis of a large intra-abdominal vein, which is running posterior to the body and tail of the pancreas. Which vein is MOST LIKELY to have been affected?

While viewing the scan the ED resident decides to practice their anatomy. Noticing the structure A, they recall that it’s primary function is:

The ureters can best be described as entering the wall of the bladder:

He then tries to identify the left kidney. Which of the following would refer to the left kidney?

A 23 year-old self- identified male presents to the ED with right sided loin-to-groin pain. The ED resident decides to order a CT KUB (Kidneys, Ureters and Bladder) to investigate for a renal stone. The following image is obtained. The stone is found in the red circle. Where has the stone most likely lodged?

Which dermatome transmits pain from skin over the inguinal ligament?